中国俄式建筑文化的多样性

摘要：俄罗斯建筑具有较强的时代性和民族特点，从最初的“木刻楞”建筑，发展到拜占庭、塔式教堂、角锥式教堂、莫斯科的巴罗克、古典主义、注重城市空间、工业化社会主义，以至于今天的历史建筑重建和“地方性”倾向。最早进入中国的俄罗斯人是13世纪的战俘，他们被安置于现在的北京，其生活的建筑已经不存在了。从18世纪初俄罗斯人的迁入开始到20世纪中叶，由于战争、采矿、放牧迁徙、中东铁路建设、前苏联社会主义同盟等原因，俄式建筑在中国分布较广，其中有三个区域比较集中。本文主要以这三个区域为例，根据其时代与地域等方面的特点，找出建筑文化的多样性。

abstract: the russian architectures with the times and national characteristics of strong, from the initial "wood" construction, to the development of the byzantine church, church tower, pyramid, moscow, barok, classical, pay attention to the city space, industrialized socialism, historical buildings and reconstruction today that "local" tendency. the first russians to enter china were prisoners of war in the thirteenth century. they were placed in the present beijing, and the building of their life was no longer there. from the beginning of the eighteenth century the russians began to move into the middle of the twentieth century, due to the war, mining, grazing migration, construction, middle east railway soviet socialist alliance and other reasons, the russian architecture and widely distributed in china, which are relatively concentrated in three areas. in this paper, the three areas, for example, according to its characteristics of the times and geographical areas, to find diversity in architectural culture.

关键词：中国，俄式建筑文化，多样性

keywords: china, chinese russian architecture culture, diversity

论文发表于《艺术评论》2018年02期